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以南广高速公路的2座涵洞为试验工点,采用EPS板作为减荷材料,通过ANSYS有限元计算,并结合现场土压力实测,研究了涵洞在有、无EPS减荷措施,以及EPS板铺设厚度不同情况下的涵洞垂直土压力与填土变形,并将有限元计算结果与现场实测值进行了对比。分析结果表明:在涵洞覆盖最大填土高度时,涵洞洞顶垂直土压力的计算值与实测值相差平均不超过16%;洞顶铺设不同厚度EPS板减荷时,洞顶土压力约减小了1/2～2/3,且在本试验条件下,洞顶EPS板愈厚,减荷效果愈好;变形云图直观展示了洞顶平面内外土柱沉降差的存在,是反映垂直土压力各种影响因素的综合性参数;洞顶铺设EPS板减荷时,洞顶平面内外土柱形成沉降差,从而达到减荷效果,且在同等填土高度下,洞顶EPS板愈厚,洞顶平面内外土柱间的沉降差值愈大,故其减荷效果也愈显著。
Taking the two culverts of Nanguang Expressway as experimental sites, the EPS board was used as the load-shedding material. The finite element method of ANSYS was used in combination with the on-site soil pressure measurement to study the culvert with or without EPS shedding measures and EPS board The vertical earth pressure of culvert and filling deformation under different conditions of laying thickness are compared with the actual measured values of the finite element method. The results show that when the culvert covers the maximum filling height, the calculated value of the vertical earth pressure at the culvert roof differs by no more than 16% from the measured value. When the roof with different thickness of EPS slab is unloaded, the earth pressure at the culvert decreases 1/2 ~ 2/3, and under the conditions of this experiment, the thicker the EPS board, the better the load reduction effect. The deformed cloud chart shows the existence of poor settlement of soil column in the plane of the top of the tunnel, When the EPS plate is laid on the top of the tunnel, the settlement of the soil column in the plane of the top of the tunnel is worse than that of the plane of the top of the tunnel so as to reduce the load. Under the same filling height, The greater the difference between the settlements of soil columns inside and outside the top plane, the more significant the effect of the load reduction.