在文言文教学中,我抓住三类词语,运用启发式,引导学生深入钻研,寻幽探胜,以培养学生独立获取知识的能力. 一、抓住似同实异而课本无注释的词语,引导学生辨析古今词义的异同. 文言课文有些极为常见的古今同形异义的词语,课本往往没有注释.因为构成这些词语的“都是很容易的字,每人都认识它,由于太熟悉了,所以古今的不同就容易忽略,容易放过.”(王力《谈谈学习古代汉语》)这些字往往误解.这既向我们提出了辨析这些词语的必要性,也为我们引导学生进行探讨提供了用武之地.例如,初中《语 In the teaching of classical Chinese, I used three types of words and used heuristics to guide students to delve deeper and deeper into the secrets in order to cultivate students’ ability to acquire knowledge independently. I. Grasp words that are similar to reality and have no annotations in the textbooks. The students distinguish between the similarities and differences between ancient and modern meanings. There are some very common ancient and modern words with similar meanings in traditional Chinese. The textbooks are often uncommented. Because the words that make up these words are very easy words, everyone knows them, because they are too familiar with it. The difference between ancient and modern is easy to overlook and it is easy to let go.” (Wang Li’s “Learning to Learn Ancient Chinese”) These words are often misunderstood. This not only provides us with the necessity to discriminate these words, but also provides guidance for students to explore. Place of use. For example, junior high school