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1.引言东亚发展中国家(地区)在出口上的显著成功,已给国际商业环境添加了新的压力,在经济低速增长的年代如80年代初和90年代尤为如此。据称,这些国家(地区)和日本共同加剧了很多经合组织(OECD)成员国的失业和非工业化趋势。最初东亚出口大量集中在劳动密集型产业如纺织、服装和鞋类。这类出口由于多种纤维协议而大受限制,该协议是对关贸总协定所规定的自由贸易规则的严重背离。但是,东亚地区迅速工业化和不断变化的比较利益,引发了来
1. Introduction The remarkable success of exporting in developing countries (regions) in East Asia has added new pressure on the international business environment, especially in the era of low economic growth such as the early 1980s and 1990s. Allegedly, these countries (regions) and Japan have jointly intensified the trend of unemployment and non-industrialization in many OECD member countries. Initially, East Asian exports were heavily concentrated in labor-intensive industries such as textiles, clothing, and footwear. Such exports have been severely constrained by a variety of fiber agreements that constitute a serious departure from the free trade rules stipulated by the GATT. However, the rapid industrialization and ever-changing comparative interests in East Asia have triggered