小细胞未分化癌多发生在肺脏,对化疗、放疗比较敏感。笔者近年收治1例,报告如下。病人女,25岁。入院前3个月,曾有肛门坠痛,排便不畅。在当地医院指诊发现直肠肿物,按“肛周脓肿”切开,无脓液。后肿物蔓及整个肛门,出现排便困难,入本院治疗。肛门检查:肿物位居肛门一周,肿物的下缘距肛门缘3.5cm,食指难以通过。肿物取检病理报告:直肠小细胞未分化癌。行乙状结肠双腔造口。术后行化疗放疗一个半月,第二次行麦氏手术,切除标本送检,病理报告:未见癌细胞,病人痊愈出院。 Small-cell undifferentiated carcinomas mostly occur in the lungs and are sensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The author has treated 1 case in recent years and the report is as follows. The patient girl is 25 years old. Three months before admission, she had anal pain and poor bowel movements. A rectal mass was found in a local hospital finger and cut by an “perianal abscess” with no pus. After the tumor and the entire anus, there is difficulty in defecation, into the hospital for treatment. Anal examination: The tumor was placed on the anus for one week. The lower edge of the tumor was 3.5 cm away from the anal margin. The index finger was difficult to pass. Pathological report of tumor examination: rectal small cell undifferentiated carcinoma. Sigmoid colon double cavity stoma. One-and-a-half months after chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and the second line of Mai surgery, the specimens were removed for examination. Pathology report: No cancer cells were seen, and the patient was cured and discharged.