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目的探讨招远市恶性肿瘤发病与死亡流行特征,为恶性肿瘤的防治工作提供科学依据。方法发病和死亡数据来源于山东慢性病监测信息系统,采用Excel 2010、SAS 9.2等软件进行数据分析,计算粗发病率、粗死亡率、标化率等指标。结果 2013年招远市恶性肿瘤粗发病率为373.94/10万,中标率为206.35/10万,世标率为201.52/10万,男女比为1.41:1。恶性肿瘤发病第1位的是肺癌,其次依次为胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌和乳腺癌,前10位恶性肿瘤占全部恶性肿瘤的82.8%。随着年龄的增加,发病率呈现上升趋势,从35~岁年龄组开始,发病率增加幅度越来越大,到80~岁年龄组发病率最高。恶性肿瘤粗死亡率260.53/10万,标化死亡率101.34/10万,死亡率男性高于女性;死亡顺位前5位依次为肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌和食管癌。结论招远市恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率高于全国平均水平,肺癌、胃癌是威胁招远市居民健康的主要恶性肿瘤。加强危险因素研究,开展早诊早治,仍将是今后恶性肿瘤防治的重点。
Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of the incidence and death of malignant tumors in Zhaoyuan and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors. Methods The data of morbidity and mortality were collected from Shandong chronic disease monitoring information system. The softwares such as Excel 2010 and SAS 9.2 were used to analyze the data and calculate the crude incidence rate, crude mortality rate and standardization rate. Results In 2013, the gross morbidity rate of malignant tumors in Zhaoyuan was 373.94 / lakh, the successful rate was 206.35 / lakh, the world standard rate was 201.52 / lakh and the ratio of male to female was 1.41: 1. The first malignant tumor is lung cancer, followed by gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer and breast cancer, the top 10 malignant tumors accounted for 82.8% of all malignant tumors. With the increase of age, the incidence showed an upward trend, from 35 ~ age group, the incidence increased more and more, to 80 ~ age group the highest incidence. The crude death rate of malignant tumors was 260.53 / 100000, the standardized mortality rate was 101.34 / 100000, the mortality rate was higher in males than in females. The top 5 deaths were lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer. Conclusion The incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in Zhaoyuan are higher than the national average. Lung cancer and gastric cancer are the major malignant tumors that threaten the health of residents in Zhaoyuan City. Strengthening risk factors, early diagnosis and treatment of early treatment, will continue to be the focus of future cancer prevention and treatment.