恶性肿瘤病患者的放射治疗,对人体伴有两种平行的有害并发症:在照射剂量不足时,肿瘤的治疗不彻底;在超剂量照射时,周围正常的组织可能发生明显的损伤。放射治疗以后患者寿命的提高,导致晚期放射损伤的发生率的增加。因此,研究放射损伤的各个方面(发病机制,发生放射损伤与照射剂量的相关性)和相应的治疗和预防方法是当前迫切的任务。本文目的是提供文献资料的分析,并探索早期放射损伤和晚期放射损伤综合性放射生物学概念的关系。细胞和组织的放射敏感性与放射损伤的发病机制。众所周知,受照射组织损伤时,在某种程度上包括组织结构的所有成份:主质、神经末梢、结缔组织 Radiation therapy for patients with malignant tumors is accompanied by two parallel and harmful complications to the human body: inadequate treatment of the tumor at inadequate irradiation doses and significant damage to surrounding normal tissues during overdose exposure. Increased patient life after radiation therapy leads to an increased incidence of late radiation injury. Therefore, it is urgent to study all aspects of radiation damage (pathogenesis, the correlation between radiation damage and radiation dose) and the corresponding treatment and prevention methods. The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of the literature and to explore the relationship between early radiation injury and the concept of a comprehensive radiobiology of late radiation injury. Radiation Sensitivity of Cells and Tissues and Pathogenesis of Radiation Injury. It is well-known that when irradiated with tissue damage, to some extent includes all components of the structure: the main substance, nerve endings, connective tissue