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目的了解巫溪县长桂乡2008年发生的48例流感病例的流行病学特征,为防治流感工作提供科学依据。方法对巫溪县长桂乡中心小学及学校周围人群进行流行病学调查,填写调查问卷,并抽取有典型症状的12名病例采集咽拭子样标本和血清样本各6份进行实验室检测。结果 2008年5月巫溪县长桂乡48人出现发热、咳嗽等流行性感冒症状的爆发疫情,其中男性24人,占50.0%,女性24人,占50.0%;发病年龄在2～47岁,以11岁、12岁、13岁3个年龄组较多,发病23人,占47.91%。采集病人咽拭子标本6份,1份分离出B型流行性感冒病毒,阳性率为16.67%;采集血清标本6份进行快速检测,1份为阳性,阳性率为16.67%。结论及时对初发病例,采取有效的隔离和治疗措施,加强改善中小学校等人口聚集地的环境,宣传良好的卫生习惯,普及流行性感冒的卫生知识,是防治流行性感冒爆发流行的有效措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of 48 cases of flu in Changgui Township of Wuyi County in 2008 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of influenza. Methods Epidemiological survey was conducted in Changgui Township Central Primary School and schools in Wuxi County. The survey questionnaires were filled in and questionnaires were collected from 12 patients with typical symptoms. Six throat swab samples and 6 serum samples were collected for laboratory testing. Results In May 2008, 48 outbreaks of fever, cough and other influenza were found in Changgui Township, Wuyi County, of which 24 were males (50.0%) and 24 were females (50.0%). The age of onset was from 2 to 47 years old Year-old, 12-year-old and 13-year-old. There were 23 age groups, accounting for 47.91%. A total of 6 throat swab samples were collected. One isolate isolated influenza B virus, the positive rate was 16.67%. Six serum samples were collected for rapid detection. One was positive and the positive rate was 16.67%. Conclusions It is an effective measure to prevent and control the outbreak of influenza in order to promptly take effective measures to isolate and treat newly diagnosed cases, improve the environment of primary and secondary schools and other population centers, promote good hygiene habits and popularize the hygienic knowledge of influenza .