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目的:了解福建省艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染孕产妇分娩的婴儿HIV感染与保健状况,为预防艾滋病母婴传播工作提供依据。方法:对福建省艾滋病抗体阳性孕产妇所生婴儿状况进行分析,对47例进行抗体检测的婴儿行病例对照研究。结果:161例HIV阳性孕妇所生的婴儿中失访20例,死亡14例,存活128例(其中双胞胎1例)。存活的128例婴儿中自愿接受HIV抗体检测并确认实验的有47例,检测率36.72%。12例婴儿HIV抗体检测结果为阳性,实施干预后其中5例婴儿HIV抗体检测结果由阳性转变为阴性,7例婴儿至生后18个月HIV抗体检测仍为阳性,占受检人数的14.89%。分娩方式为婴儿HIV检测结果阳性的影响因素,即剖宫产发生婴儿HIV阳性的危险度是顺产的0.1倍。结论:加大健康教育力度,采取预防艾滋病母婴传播综合干预措施是落实HIV感染者婴儿保健工作的重要前提。
Objective: To understand the status of HIV infection and health care in infants born to HIV-infected pregnant women in Fujian province, and to provide basis for preventing mother-to-child transmission of AIDS. Methods: The status of infants born to AIDS-positive pregnant women in Fujian Province was analyzed. A case-control study was conducted on 47 infants who were tested for antibodies. Results: Totally 20 out of 161 babies born to HIV-positive pregnant women were killed, 14 died and 128 survived (including 1 twins). Of the 128 surviving infants, 47 were HIV-positive and 36.72% were voluntarily tested. HIV antibody test results of 12 infants were positive. After the intervention, HIV antibody test results of 5 infants changed from positive to negative, and HIV antibody test was still positive in 7 infants to 18 months after birth, accounting for 14.89% . The mode of delivery was the positive factor for the detection of HIV in infants, ie, the risk of HIV-positive infants born in cesarean section was 0.1 times of that of normal infants. Conclusion: Increasing health education and adopting comprehensive interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV are important preconditions for the implementation of infant health care for HIV-infected persons.