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测定了中国对虾Penaeuschinensis在不同盐度下摄食日本刺沙蚕Neanthesjaponica与配合饲料的摄食量、生长和能量收支。在盐度 5～ 3 5、水温 2 5℃时 ,中国对虾的摄食率在盐度 1 3时达到最大 ,摄食能为 2 2 4 4kJ/(g·d) ,而最适生长盐度为 2 0 ,此时的增重率最大 ,分别为 4 6 %(干重 )和 1 2 5 %(湿重 ) ,能量利用效率最高 (2 7%)。盐度 1 3～ 3 5时对中国对虾蜕壳周期的影响不显著 ,变幅为 4 7～ 4 9d ;盐度 5时中国对虾的蜕壳周期为 6 2d ,显著大于其它各盐度条件下的蜕壳周期。盐度影响中国对虾生长的机制主要取决于摄食量和物质及能量转换效率的变化 ,而蜕壳周期的影响不起主要作用。在盐度 3 1时 ,摄食沙蚕的中国对虾其生长显著大于摄食配合饲料的 ,摄食沙蚕的增重率为5 88%(湿重 )、 1 1 95 %(干重 ) ,能量利用效率为摄食能的 2 3 2 4 %;摄食配合饲料的增重率为 3 48%(湿重 )、 7 47%(干重 ) ,能量利用效率为摄食能的 1 7 5 5 %。不同饵料对中国对虾生长影响的能量学机制是由能量同化率和转化效率决定的。
The food intake, growth and energy budget of Penaeus chinensis of Japan Penaeus chinensis at different salinities were measured. At the salinity of 5-3 5 and the water temperature of 25 ℃, the feeding rate of Penaeus chinensis reaches the maximum at salinity of 13, and the optimum feeding temperature is 2 2 4 4 kJ / (g · d) 0, the maximum weight gain rate at this moment is 46% (dry weight) and 125% (wet weight) respectively, and the energy efficiency is the highest (27%). The salinity 1 3 ~ 3 5 had no significant effect on the molting cycle of P. chinensis, with amplitude ranging from 47 days to 49 days. When the salinity was 5 days, the molting cycle of P. chinensis was 62 days, which was significantly greater than that of other salinities The molt cycle. The mechanism by which salinity affects the growth of P. shrimp mainly depends on changes in food intake and material and energy conversion efficiency, but the impact of molting cycles does not play a major role. At the salinity of 31, the growth of H. prawn feeding on B. mori was significantly greater than that of the feed, with the rates of weight gain 58.8% (wet weight), 11 95% (dry weight), energy use efficiency (2 3 2 4%) of the food intake; the weight gain rate of the feedstuffs for diets was 348% (wet weight) and 7 47% (dry weight), respectively, and the energy use efficiency was 1 75.5% of the food intake energy. The energy mechanism of different diets on the growth of Penaeus chinensis is determined by the energy assimilation rate and conversion efficiency.