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目的探讨高校学生不同结核病健康教育方式的效果,为高校开展结核病健康教育活动提供依据。方法随机整群抽取淮南师范学院一~三年级理科2个系大学生,分为传统组和电子信息组。在干预前及干预1 a后进行问卷调查,内容包括肺结核的传染源、传播途径、主要症状、预防措施、免费政策等。结果干预前两组学生各知识知晓率及结核病防治态度与行为持有率差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);干预后电子信息组结核病知识总知晓率为75.1%;传统组为54.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);电子信息组与传统组的态度与行为正确持有率分别为58.2%,42.8%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。电子信息组对肺结核的临床表现、知晓结核病防治日、传播途径、服药治疗时间及减免政策方面的知晓率分别为92.1%,86.5%,85.4%,60.7%,76.4%;传统组分别为57.3%,47.2%,36.0%,37.1%,55.1%,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。结论互联网传播手段对提高大学生肺结核防治知识的知晓效果是显著的、可行的。
Objective To explore the effect of health education for different TB students in colleges and universities to provide basis for the health education activities of tuberculosis in universities. Methods A random cluster was selected from two faculties of Department of Science in Huainan Teachers College for first to third grade and divided into traditional group and electronic information group. Before intervention and after intervention 1 a questionnaire survey, including the source of infection of tuberculosis, routes of transmission, the main symptoms, preventive measures, free policies. Results There were no significant differences in awareness of knowledge about TB knowledge and TB attitude and behaviors among the two groups before intervention (P> 0.05). The total awareness rate of TB knowledge in intervention group was 75.1% 54.3% respectively (P <0.01). The correct holding rate of attitude and behavior between the electronic information group and the traditional group were 58.2% and 42.8%, respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01). The awareness rate of electronic information group about tuberculosis clinical manifestations, awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control day, route of transmission, medication treatment time and relief policies were 92.1%, 86.5%, 85.4%, 60.7% and 76.4% respectively. The traditional group were 57.3% , 47.2%, 36.0%, 37.1%, 55.1%, respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01). Conclusion The Internet dissemination means to improve the knowledge of prevention and treatment of tuberculosis knowledge effect is significant and feasible.