文章在阐述光纤传感器非接触测量表面粗糙度测量原理的基础上，运用傅立叶非相干光成象原理，建立了测量物理模型，确定了传感器的输出值与被测参数间的关系。在传感器探头设计方面，成功地消除了光纤测头到被测表面距离变动和环境的杂散光线对输出的影响。通过试验证明理论分析与试验结果相符。 Based on the principle of non-contact measurement of surface roughness of optical fiber sensor, the paper established the physical model of measurement by using the principle of Fourier non-coherent light imaging, and determined the relationship between the sensor output and the measured parameters. The sensor probe design, the successful elimination of the optical fiber probe to the measured surface distance variations and ambient stray light on the output. The experiment proves that the theoretical analysis is consistent with the experimental results.