信息理论指出,信息自古有之,它无时不在,无处不在,人离不开信息。为了适应信息社会,人必须时时刻刻了解和掌握有用的信息,做到信息灵通。否则,在信息社会中,人们就会茫然不知所措,不可能取得成功,甚至会走向失败。战争尤其是近现代战争,迫切要求情报灵通准确,即信息灵通。在战争中,如果不知悉有关的信息,就无法战胜对方,取得胜利《孙子兵法》所说“知己知彼,百战不殆”,正说明了信息的重要作用。 然而,纵观中日甲午战争的全过程,清朝不了解和掌握必要的战争信息的事例俯拾皆是。主要表现在,清朝既不掌握日军实力,也不能及时洞悉日本发动战争的阴谋,甚至不了解北洋海军方面的情况,基本上 Information theory points out that information has existed in ancient times. It is always present and ubiquitous, and people can not do without information. In order to adapt to the information society, people must keep abreast of and useful information, to be well-informed. Otherwise, in the information society, people will be overwhelmed, impossible to succeed, or even to failure. The war, especially the modern war, urgently requires intelligence to be accurate, that is, well-informed. In the war, if you do not know the relevant information, you can not defeat each other and win the “Art of War” said “know yourself, know yourself,” illustrates the important role of information. However, looking at the whole process of the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894, the Qing Dynasty did not know and master the necessary information on the war everywhere. Mainly manifested in the fact that the Qing Dynasty neither mastered the Japanese military strength, nor timely insight into Japan’s war plot, do not even understand the Northern navy situation, basically