对中国而言,元代是第一个全国统一性的少数民族执政的时代。北宋的灭亡,南宋的倾覆,可以说是自炎黄以来,汉族在与周边少数民族的冲突中第一次整体上的失败。这不仅是军事上的失败,在很大程度上也是文化失败的一次预警。因此,元代的统治者在入主中原之初,颇为藐视汉文化,有其心理上的依据。在他们那里,蒙古骑兵军事上的优势以及宋兵的不堪一击 For China, the Yuan Dynasty was the first era of national reunification of ethnic minorities in power. The demise of the Northern Song Dynasty and the overthrow of the Southern Song Dynasty can be said to be the first overall failure of the Han clashes with the neighboring ethnic groups since Yanhuang was founded. This is not only a military failure, but also a great early warning of cultural failure. Therefore, the ruler of the Yuan Dynasty, at the beginning of entering the Central Plains, quite despised the Han culture and had its psychological basis. In their place, the military superiority of Mongol cavalry and Song Bing’s vulnerability