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通过野外实地考察和形态分类学的方法,对新疆西昆仑山的天然林木进行了系统的调查研究,并对其区系组成及特点进行分析。结果表明:新疆西昆仑山属于干旱山区,天然林木有17科25属54种,其中该区新记录有6种。该植物区系中,林木科、属的丰富度相对较高,但种类较少,各科仅含1~3属,无含10种以上的大科;杨柳科与蔷薇科为较大科,含5属16种。单属科与含2~5种的寡种科均为11科,所占比例均达64.71%;单种属与寡种属二者共计24属含47种,占该区植物属、种总数的96.00%和87.04%;它们构成该天然林木区系科、属的主要组成部分,也说明该区域自然环境比较恶劣,多数的科与属仅有1种或者少量种分布于此。该区天然林木种类不多,但多数是该植物区系的优势种或建群种,在局部区域常形成单一或复合优势群落。区系的地理成分较为简单,共有5个分布型和4个变型,具明显的温带性质,与地中海、西亚、中亚区系有一定联系,而与东亚交流很少。
Through field investigation and morphological taxonomy, the natural forests in the west Kunlun Mountains of Xinjiang were systematically investigated, and their composition and characteristics were analyzed. The results show that the western Kunlun Mountains in Xinjiang belong to the arid mountainous area, and there are 54 species of 25 genera in 17 families, of which 6 are newly recorded in this area. In this flora, the abundance of forest families and genera is relatively high, but the species is relatively rare, with only 1 to 3 genera and no more than 10 species of major families in each flora. The families of willow and rosaceae are larger families, Containing 5 genera and 16 species. Single families and 2 to 5 species of widow are 11 families, accounting for up to 64.71% of the proportion; single species and the two species of a total of 24 genera and 47 species, accounting for the region plant species, the total number of species Which constitute 96.00% and 87.04% of the total, respectively. They constitute the main component of this natural flora and fauna, and also indicate that the natural environment in this area is rather poor. Most families and genera have only one or a few species distributed here. There are not many natural forest species in this area, but most of them are the dominant species or constructive species of this flora, and often form single or compound dominant communities in some areas. The geographical components of the flora are relatively simple. There are five distributional types and four varieties, with obvious temperate characteristics, which have some connection with the Mediterranean, West Asia and Central Asia, but little communication with East Asia.