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麻疹是由于麻疹病毒感染所引起的具有高度传染性的呼吸道传染病,感染的主要人群为儿童。自广泛接种麻疹疫苗以来,全球麻疹发病率及病死率显著下降,但截至2012年,全球每年仍有12.2万人死于麻疹~([1])。根据国家疾病预防控制中心统计,自2013年来,我国麻疹的发病率及病死率呈明显上升趋势。儿童感染麻疹病毒后,极易合并呼吸道感染,并发重症肺炎的病例并不少见,这也是导致麻疹患儿死亡的主要
Measles is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by measles virus infection, and the majority of the infections are children. Since the widespread immunization of measles vaccine, the incidence and mortality of measles worldwide have dropped significantly, but as of 2012, there are still 122,000 people who die of measles worldwide each year ([1]). According to the statistics of the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, since 2013, the incidence and mortality of measles in our country have been on the rise. It is not uncommon for children infected with measles virus to easily merge with respiratory tract infection complicated by severe pneumonia, which is also the main cause of death in children with measles