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目的探究基于行为转变理论模式的健康教育对孕妇体质量管理及妊娠结局的影响。方法选取2012年8月—2015年7月无锡市第九人民医院收治的84例孕妇采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,每组各42例。其中对照组开展常规护理,研究组则在对照组基础上引入基于行为转变理论模型的健康宣教。记录2组孕妇在干预前及干预后第10周所处的具体行为转变阶段,比较2组孕妇的妊娠结局及体质量控制合格率。结果研究组孕妇妊娠期体质量控制合格率为78.6%(33/42),高于对照组的50.0%(21/42),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组孕妇在干预前的各行为转变阶段所占比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,研究组孕妇处于行动期及保持期的比例分别为23.8%(10/42)和31.0%(13/42),均高于对照组的14.3%(6/42)和11.9%(5/42),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组自然分娩率、正常儿率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而剖宫产率及巨大儿率均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于行为转变理论模型的健康教育策略应用于孕妇,能帮助孕妇建立正确及健康的行为方式,且能提高孕妇体质量管理的合格率,并能改善妊娠结局。
Objective To explore the effect of health education based on behavioral change theory on pregnant women’s weight management and pregnancy outcome. Methods Eighty-four pregnant women admitted to the Ninth People’s Hospital of Wuxi from August 2012 to July 2015 were randomly divided into study group and control group with 42 cases in each group. Among them, the control group received routine nursing, while the research group introduced health education based on the behavioral change theory model based on the control group. The changes of specific behaviors in two groups of pregnant women before intervention and the 10th week after intervention were recorded. Pregnancy outcome and body mass control pass rate of two groups of pregnant women were compared. Results The control rate of pregnant women during pregnancy was 78.6% (33/42) in control group, which was higher than that in control group (50.0%, 21/42). The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the proportions of pregnant women before and after the intervention (P> 0.05). After intervention, the proportion of pregnant women in operation and maintenance period was 23.8% (10/42) and 31.0 % (13/42), respectively, which were higher than those in control group (14.3% (6/42) and 11.9% (5/42) respectively). The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The rates of spontaneous delivery and normal children in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05), while the rates of cesarean section and macrosomia were all less than those in the control group (P <0.05) . Conclusion The health education strategy based on behavioral change theory model applied to pregnant women can help pregnant women to establish correct and healthy behaviors and improve the pregnancy rate of pregnant women and improve the pregnancy outcome.