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中国油气对外依存度不断提高,而油气进口的重要渠道就是海上能源运输。如何维护海上能源通道安全得到了越来越多的重视。中国1993年成为成品油净进口国,1996年成为原油净进口国,2007年成为天然气净进口国,2009年成为煤炭净进口国。中国油气对外依存度不断提高,2015年中国原油对外依存度达到61%,天然气对外依存度达到34%。世界油气资源产地与消费地在地理分布上处于严重不平衡状态,海上能源运输在国际能源贸易中具有不可替代的地位。从中东、非洲、
China’s dependence on foreign oil and gas continues to increase, and an important channel for oil and gas imports is the maritime energy transport. How to maintain the safety of marine energy access has been paid more and more attention. As a net importer of refined oil in 1993, China became a net importer of crude oil in 1996 and became a net importer of natural gas in 2007, becoming a net importer of coal in 2009. China’s dependence on foreign oil and gas continues to increase. In 2015, China’s dependence on foreign crude oil reached 61% and that of natural gas reached 34%. The geographical distribution of the origin and consumption of oil and gas resources in the world is in a serious imbalance, and maritime energy transportation plays an irreplaceable role in the international energy trade. From the Middle East, Africa,