一、唤起学生的主体意识教师应该尊重每个学生的主体地位和主体人格,关注学生的生活和学习,培养学生积极向上、乐于求知的精神,促进学生身心发展和个性发展,强调知能统一、知情和谐,创造有利于学生主体性素质发展的课堂氛围,引导学生对知识与规范的内化。德国教育家第斯多惠说 First, to arouse the students’ subject consciousness Teachers should respect each student’s subjective status and subject personality, pay attention to student’s life and study, cultivate students’ spirit of being active and willing to seek knowledge, promote students’ physical and mental development and personality development, and emphasize knowledge and ability to be unified and informed. Harmony creates a classroom atmosphere conducive to the development of students’ subjective qualities and guides students to internalize knowledge and norms. German educator Thompson said