土壤中的氮素一般有80～90％为非有效性的有机态氮,但是,化肥氮施到土壤后常常导致土壤有机态氮的矿化,促进有机态氮的有效化,从而增加土壤有效氮的含量,这个过程称为土壤氮的激发效应。近年来,同位素~15N示踪试验结果表明,土壤氮的激发效应普遍存在,而其原因是多方面的,除了取代和转换效应外,还有渗透压效应。此外,还与植物根际效应及植物生理功能所引起的生理效应等有密切的关系。 Nitrogen in soil is generally 80-90% non-effective organic nitrogen, however, application of nitrogen fertilizer to the soil often leads to the mineralization of soil organic nitrogen and the availability of organic nitrogen to increase soil availability Nitrogen content, this process is called the soil nitrogen excitation effect. In recent years, isotope ~ 15N tracer test results show that the stimulating effect of soil nitrogen prevails, and its causes are many, in addition to substitution and conversion effects, but also osmotic pressure effect. In addition, it is also closely related to plant rhizosphere effects and physiological effects caused by plant physiological functions.