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综合考虑阶梯布置型式、长度,利用3D紊流数值模拟方法,采用VOF方法跟踪自由水面,结合卡基娃放空洞工程的水力学模型试验,对放空洞泄槽段中布置不同型式和长度的阶梯方案,进行了数值模拟研究.研究结果表明,合理的阶梯型式和布设长度,可以改善水流流态,改善沿程的水流压力,显著降低阶梯下游水流流速,消能率随着阶梯布设长度的增加呈非线性增加,采用变长度和变坡型式的阶梯能更快地提高阶梯消能的效果.
Considering the type and length of the ladder layout, the 3D turbulence numerical simulation method is used. The VOF method is used to track the free water surface. Combined with the hydraulic model test of the Kaji Wa tunnel, the different types and lengths of ladders The results show that the reasonable ladder pattern and layout length can improve the water flow pattern, improve the water flow pressure along the line and significantly reduce the water flow velocity in the downstream of the step. The energy dissipation rate decreases with the increase of the length of the ladder Non-linear increase, the use of variable-length and gradient-type ladder can be more quickly to improve the effect of ladder energy dissipation.