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人体内存在大量液体,一旦各腔隙中的游离液体聚集超过了生理正常量,比如心包中超过了50毫升,腹腔中超过200毫升,就称为积液。身体很多部位都可能出现积液,多见于胸腔、腹腔、心包、宫腔和膝关节腔。任何因素导致腔内液体形成过快或吸收过缓,都会产生积液,这是一种较常见的临床表现。会引起积液的疾病很多,比如感染、肿瘤、创伤,以及类风湿关节炎、慢性心衰、心肌梗死、甲状腺功能低下、营养不良等。此外,药物、放射性治疗、内镜及心导管介入检查等也都可能导致积液产生。
There is a lot of fluid in the body. Once the free fluid in each cavity has accumulated more than a normal amount of physiology, such as more than 50 ml in the pericardium and more than 200 ml in the abdominal cavity, it is called fluid. Many parts of the body may appear effusion, more common in the chest, abdominal cavity, pericardium, uterine cavity and knee joint cavity. Any factors that cause the formation of fluid within the cavity too fast or too slow absorption, will produce fluid, which is a more common clinical manifestations. There are many diseases that can cause fluid, such as infections, tumors, trauma, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic heart failure, myocardial infarction, hypothyroidism, malnutrition, and more. In addition, drugs, radiotherapy, endoscopy and cardiac catheterization may also lead to effusion.