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地上部植食者对地下部土壤生态系统的影响引起了陆地生态学者的浓厚兴趣。报道了盆栽条件下褐飞虱取食不同品种水稻后对水稻苗期生长和土壤活性碳氮的影响。土壤活性碳氮水平的评价采用了土壤微生物生物量碳和氮、可溶性碳和氮及无机氮等指标,它们是反映土壤生态过程的重要变量。结果表明,褐飞虱侵害降低了苗期水稻茎叶、根系的生物量及根冠比,并与水稻品种的抗褐飞虱能力存在交互作用。褐飞虱也显著影响土壤活性碳氮水平(P<0.05),并强烈依赖于水稻品种特性。一般的,褐飞虱导致感虫品种广四的土壤微生物生物量碳、可溶性碳下降,而对抗虫品种IR36的影响则相反。在褐飞虱的危害下,抗虫品种水稻对土壤微生物生物量氮、可溶性氮及硝态氮的促进程度较大。中感品种汕优63与汕优559在褐飞虱作用下对水稻茎叶、根系生物量及土壤活性碳氮的影响也不相同。汕优63的影响趋势与感虫品种广四一致,而汕优559的影响与抗虫品种IR36更接近。总之,土壤活性碳氮组分对褐飞虱危害的响应程度和趋势因水稻品种不同而不同,特别是抗虫品种在褐飞虱侵害时有利于土壤活性碳氮水平的维持,提高土壤生物活性,从而可能进一步促进土壤生态功能的发挥。
The effect of above-ground herbivores on the soil ecosystem in the subsurface has aroused great interest among terrestrial ecologists. The effects of different rice varieties on the growth and soil active carbon and nitrogen of paddy rice under pot experiment were reported. Soil active carbon and nitrogen levels were assessed using indicators of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, soluble carbon, nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen, which are important variables that reflect soil ecological processes. The results showed that brown planthopper (BPN) infestation reduced the biomass and root / shoot ratio of stem, leaf and root in rice at seedling stage, and interacted with resistance of rice varieties to BPH. Nilaparvata lugens also significantly affected soil active carbon and nitrogen levels (P <0.05), and strongly dependent on rice variety characteristics. In general, brown planthopper resulted in a decrease in soil microbial biomass carbon and soluble carbon in the soil layers of susceptible varieties, but negatively affected IR36. Under the threat of BPH, the insect-resistant rice had a greater promotion of soil microbial biomass nitrogen, soluble nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. The susceptible varieties Shanyou 63 and Shanyou 559 had different effects on the biomass of leaves and roots and the contents of soil active C and N in rice plants under the action of BPPH. The trend of Shanyou 63 was consistent with that of susceptible varieties, but the effect of Shanyou 559 was closer to IR36. In conclusion, the response degree and trend of soil active C and N components to Nilaparvata lugens (Nilaparvata lugens) are different due to different rice varieties. Especially, the insect-resistant varieties are beneficial to the maintenance of soil active C and N levels in the brown planthopper and enhance the bioactivity of soil, Promote the development of soil ecological functions.