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水下运动平台的声目标强度测量试验多在浅海环境中进行。文章根据简正波理论推导了基于平均测量法的浅海环境中水下物体声目标强度TS的解析表达式,深入分析了TS的物理意义。分析表明,在确定的方位角上,TS与分布在一定范围内的垂直入射角θi和散射角θs所对应的目标散射函数值有关,θi和θs是离散的,其取值取决于简正波阶数;同时,TS还跟海洋环境和测试距离有关,当测试距离非常大时,约等于自由场声目标强度TS free。文中还提出了一种基于垂直发射阵和垂直接收阵的声目标强度测量方法,即模式滤波测量法(Modal-Filtering Measurement,MFM)。理论分析表明,MFM法具有很好的抗界面混响性能,并且跟平均测量法和垂直阵常规测量法相比,具有更高的测试效率,测试结果更接近自由场声目标强度。
Underwater sports platform acoustic target intensity measurement test in shallow water environment. Based on the theory of simple normal wave, the paper deduces the analytic expression of sound target intensity TS of underwater objects based on average measurement in shallow sea environment, and analyzes the physical meaning of TS. The analysis shows that TS is related to the target scattering function values θi and θs within a certain range, θi and θs are discrete, and its value depends on the normalized wave number At the same time, the TS is also related to the marine environment and the test distance. When the test distance is very large, it is approximately equal to the TS free of the free field sound intensity. In this paper, an acoustic intensity measurement method based on vertical and vertical receiving arrays is proposed, that is, Modal-Filtering Measurement (MFM). Theoretical analysis shows that the MFM method has good anti-interface reverberation performance, and has higher testing efficiency compared with the average measurement method and the vertical array conventional measurement method, and the test result is closer to the free field acoustic intensity target.