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目的了解济南市常见慢性病的患病情况,为制订慢性病防控策略提供科学依据。方法对济南市3个区县的18岁及以上常住居民进行分层整群随机抽样调查,共调查11 525人,采用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计分析。结果患病率前5位的慢性病分别为高血压(20.56%)、糖尿病(4.26%)、冠心病(1.72%)、脑卒中(0.72%)、慢性阻塞性肺病(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases,COPD)(0.40%)。比较发现常见慢性病人群不同病种间在性别间分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在年龄(P<0.01)、婚姻状态(P<0.01)、文化程度(Kruskal Wallis Test=1 900.61,P<0.01)、职业(P<0.01)、吸烟(P<0.01)、饮酒(P<0.01)、运动情况(P<0.01)等因素间分布差异有统计学意义。高血压、糖尿病人群主要集中在已婚者、文化水平低者、管理人员、农民和离退休人员、不吸烟不饮酒者、周锻炼次数较少者中;冠心病、COPD和脑卒中人群主要集中在老龄者、离婚者、文化水平低者、离退休人员和待业无业人员、吸烟和饮酒者、周锻炼次数较多者中。结论济南市高血压、糖尿病与冠心病、COPD和脑卒中两类慢性病人群在社会人口学和生活行为等相关因素的分布差异较大,可能与两类慢性病在致病机制和生活行为习惯上的差异有关。
Objective To understand the prevalence of common chronic diseases in Jinan City and provide scientific evidence for the development of prevention and control strategies for chronic diseases. Methods A stratified randomized population stratified random sampling survey was conducted among residents in the three districts and counties of Jinan City aged 18 years and over. A total of 11 525 people were surveyed, and SPSS 18.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The top five chronic diseases were hypertension (20.56%), diabetes (4.26%), coronary heart disease (1.72%), stroke (0.72%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (0.40%). (P <0.01), marital status (P <0.01), educational level (Kruskal Wallis Test = 1 900.61, P <0.01), but there were no significant differences in gender distribution among different groups of common chronic diseases (P <0.01), smoking (P <0.01), alcohol consumption (P <0.01), exercise status (P <0.01) and other factors were statistically significant. Hypertension and diabetes mainly focus on married persons, those with lower education levels, managers, peasants and retirees, non-smoking non-drinkers, and those who have less exercise in weeks. Coronary heart disease, COPD and stroke are mainly concentrated In the elderly, divorcees, low literacy, retired and unemployed unemployed, smoking and drinking, more exercise week. Conclusions The distribution of hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease, COPD and stroke patients in Jinan population are quite different from those in the aspects of social demography and life behavior, which may be related to the pathogenic mechanism and lifestyle behavior of two kinds of chronic diseases Difference related.