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为测量行波管电子注的能量分布,本文设计和验证了一个减速电场能量分析器(retarding field energy analyzer,RFEA)。该能量分析器由一个连接负偏压的减速环、一个电子注采样方孔和一个电荷收集极构成,通过调节减速环的负偏压,选择相应能量的电子,就得到电子注的能量分布。计算机仿真结果表明该分析器对于低能量(几千电子伏到10 keV)的电子注具有良好的分辨率。实验测量了一个导流系数为0.45μP的宽带行波管电子枪发射的电子注的能量分布,实验数据与仿真模拟结果具有较好的一致性。
In order to measure the energy distribution of TWT electron injection, a retarding field energy analyzer (RFEA) was designed and validated. The energy analyzer is composed of a deceleration ring connected with a negative bias, an electron sampling square hole and a charge collecting pole. By adjusting the negative bias of the deceleration ring and selecting the corresponding energy electron, the energy distribution of the electron injection is obtained. Computer simulation results show that the analyzer has good resolution for low energy (several keV to 10 keV) electron injection. The energy distribution of an electron beam emitted by a wideband TWT electron gun with a conductivity of 0.45μP was experimentally measured. The experimental data are in good agreement with the simulation results.