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大庆油田近年新增储量渗透率低、品质差,未动用储量开发难度大,而低渗透油田投产后,如果能量补充不及时,地层压力会大幅下降,油田产量迅速递减。为提高开发效果,大庆油田对天然能量小的低渗透油田,开展了保持地层压力的超前注水开采试验。超前注水技术能够尽快建立有效的压力驱替系统,及时补充地层能量,提高地层压力,减小应力敏感损害,降低油井初始含水率,避免流体性质变差,从而改善油田开发效果。在大庆油田已投产的超前注水试验区块中,储层物性较差的扶杨油层超前注水效果较明显,储层物性较好的葡萄花油层单井产量提高不明显。利用室内试验、现场开发数据及数值模拟等手段确定了超前注水储层界限:大庆油田渗透率小于10mD的储层采取超前注水效果较好。这为超前注水技术在低渗透油田难采储量开发中的应用提供了有效依据。
In recent years, Daqing Oilfield has a low permeability, poor quality and difficult exploitation of unused reserves. However, when the low permeability oilfield is put into operation, if the energy is not replenished in time, the formation pressure will drop drastically and the oilfield output will decrease rapidly. In order to improve the development effect, Daqing Oilfield carried out a pilot water injection test to maintain formation pressure in low-permeability oil fields with small natural energy. Advanced injection technology can quickly establish effective pressure displacement system, replenish formation energy, increase formation pressure, reduce stress-sensitive damage, reduce initial water content of oil well, avoid deterioration of fluid properties, and improve oilfield development effect. In the advanced water injection trial block in Daqing Oilfield, the water injection effect of Fuyang reservoir with poor reservoir properties is obvious, and the single well output of Putaohua reservoir with good reservoir properties is not obvious. Using laboratory tests, field development data and numerical simulation to determine the boundaries of advanced waterflooding reservoirs: the reservoir with the permeability less than 10mD in Daqing Oilfield has better effect of water injection. This provides an effective basis for the application of advanced water injection technology in the exploitation of difficult-to-exploit reserves in low-permeability oilfields.