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李大钊是在中国首传马克思列宁主义真理的先驱。李大钊的思想转变的经验,对我们更加自觉地坚持马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想具有重要意义。为了吸取他的这个经验,有必要对他的思想发展过程作认真的探讨。恰值今年4月28日是李大钊就义六十周年纪念日,特作此文,以志纪念。 恩格斯指出:全部哲学,特别是近代哲学的重大的基本问题,是思维和存在的关系问题。哲学家依照他们如何回答这个问题而分成了两大阵营。李大钊在开始他的对世界的本质的哲学思考时,继承唯物主义传统,认为宇宙乃是客观的物质存在;世界上的具体事物不仅是千差万别的,而且又都是运动着的物质的不同表现。他说:“吾人以为宇宙乃无始无终自然的存在。由宇宙自然之真实本体所生之一切现象,乃循此自然法而自然的、因果的、机械的以渐次发生渐次进化。”(《李大钊选集》第79页)大实在的物质世界不仅是物质的,同时又是无限的,是由各不同的万殊事物组成的统一体。是绝对和相对,无限和有限的对立统一。这种物质世界在时间上是无始无终的,在空间上是无限的。
Li Dazhao was the forerunner of the first truth of Marxism-Leninism in China. The experience of Li Dazhao’s thinking transformation is of great significance for us to uphold Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought more consciously. In order to draw on his experience, it is necessary to make a serious discussion of his thought development process. Just on April 28 this year, Li Dazhao is the sixtieth anniversary of the death of justice, special for this article, to commemorate the anniversary. Engels pointed out: All major philosophies, especially the major basic issues of modern philosophy, are the relations between thinking and being. Philosophers are divided into two camps based on how they answer this question. At the beginning of his philosophical thinking on the essence of the world, Li Dazhao inherited the tradition of materialism and considered the universe as an objective material existence. The specific things in the world are not only different but also different manifestations of the material being in motion. He said: “I think that the universe is an endless and natural existence, and all the phenomena created by the real body of the universe of nature follow this natural law and evolve naturally, causally and mechanically gradually.” “Selected Works of Li Dazhao” p. 79) The great physical world is not only a matter but also an infinite one, a unity made up of different kinds of things. Absolute and relative, unlimited and limited unity of opposites. This material world is indefinite in time and infinite in space.