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诺贝尔奖是一项独特的奖项,自其酝酿之日起就已是有史以来最大的国际性奖项。多年来,诺贝尔奖持有衡量科学质量尺度的地位。那么这一奖项是如何设立的?那个叫阿尔弗莱德·诺贝尔的人是谁?他为何设立包括物理、化学、生理学或医药、文学和和平五个领域在内的诺贝尔奖呢?阿尔弗莱德·诺贝尔阿尔弗莱德·诺贝尔生于1833年。他的父母生有六个孩子,但仅生存下来四个,他排行第三。诺贝尔家的四个孩子均才华横溢,要撰写诺贝尔家族的历史真是千头万绪,说来话长。诺贝尔的父亲精力充沛,是一位自学成才的工程师和商人。当诺贝尔9岁的时候,他父亲带着全家搬到了圣彼得堡。诺贝尔的两个哥哥接受工程学训练,而诺贝尔则受到化学教育。他领悟快,17岁时就已掌握了5门语言。17岁时他被送往国外2年,分别去了德国、法国、意大利和北美。在意大利,他在 Pelouze 教授著名的实验室里工作,在那儿他遇到了一个名叫 Arcanio·Sobrero 的年轻科学家,索伯罗开发出了一种叫做硝酸甘油的炸药油。阿尔弗莱德看到了这种炸药的潜力,并设计出其实际用途。为此,他于1863年获得了一项专利权。这一产品后来被命名为炸
The Nobel Prize is a unique award that has been the largest international award ever made since its inception. Over the years, the Nobel Prize holds the place of measuring scientific quality standards. So how did this prize be set up? Who was Alfred Nobel and why did he establish a Nobel Prize in five areas, including physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace? Fred Nobel Alfred Nobel was born in 1833. His parents gave birth to six children, but survived only four and ranked third. The four children of the Nobel family are brilliant. It is a long story to write the history of the Nobel family. Nobel’s father, energetic, is a self-taught engineer and businessman. When Nobel was 9, his father moved to St. Petersburg with his family. Nobel’s two elders receive engineering training, while Nobel receives chemistry education. He comprehended that he had mastered five languages at the age of 17. At age 17, he was sent abroad for two years and went to Germany, France, Italy and North America respectively. In Italy, he worked in the famous laboratory of Professor Pelouze, where he met a young scientist named Arcanio Sobrero, who developed an explosive called nitroglycerin. Alfred saw the potential of this explosive and devised its practical use. To this end, he obtained a patent in 1863. This product was later named Fried