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[目的]研究δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶(ALAD)基因多态性对职业铅接触工人甲状腺激素水平的影响。[方法]采集171名上海市某蓄电池厂职业铅接触工人外周静脉血样,用放射免疫测定法(RIA)测定工人甲状腺激素水平,包括T3、FT3、T4、FT4和TSH。聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)对ALAD基因进行分型分析,限制性内切酶为MspⅠ,并分析甲状腺激素水平与ALAD基因型的关系。[结果]171名工人中ALAD1-1纯合子基因型工人156名,基因型频率为91.23%;ALAD1-2杂合子基因型工人15名,基因型频率为8.77%;未检测出有ALAD2-2纯合子基因型工人。等位基因ALAD1和ALAD2的频率分别为95.61%和4.39%。协方差分析,ALAD1-2基因型工人PbB水平为1.06(0.87~1.24)μmol/L,明显比ALAD1-1基因型工人PbB水平0.77(0.72~0.83)μmol/L高,(F=8.14,P<0.05)。高血铅组工人(PbB≥0.97μmol/L)与低血铅组工人(PbB<0.97μmol/L)相比,甲状腺激素中除了FT4水平略有升高以外,T3、FT3、T4和TSH均是高血铅组工人低于低血铅组工人。ALAD1-2基因型组工人和ALAD1-1基因型组工人相比,T3、FT3和TSH的水平下降比较明显,而T4和FT4水平没有很大差异或是略有升高。低血铅组和高血铅组,都是ALAD1-2基因型工人的T3、FT3和TSH比ALAD1-1基因型工人的低,而T4和FT4的平均水平差不多或是略有升高。[结论]ALAD2等位基因可使工人体内血铅水平增高,增加体内铅负荷;在相同铅负荷下,ALAD2等位基因有加重铅对工人甲状腺功能影响的趋势,但需要扩大样本量进行验证。
[Objective] To investigate the effect of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) gene polymorphism on thyroid hormone levels in occupational lead exposure workers. [Methods] Peripheral venous blood samples from 171 lead exposed workers in a battery factory in Shanghai were collected. The levels of thyroid hormones including T3, FT3, T4, FT4 and TSH were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The genotypes of ALAD gene were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The restriction endonuclease was MspⅠand the relationship between thyroid hormone level and ALAD genotype was analyzed. [Results] 156 ALAD1-1 homozygous workers with 171 genotypes were found in 171 workers. The frequency of genotypes was 91.23%. There were 15 ALAD1-2 heterozygous workers with genotype frequencies of 8.77%. No ALAD2-2 Homozygous genotype workers. Allele frequencies of ALAD1 and ALAD2 were 95.61% and 4.39%, respectively. Covariance analysis showed that the PbB levels of ALAD1-2 genotype workers were 1.06 (0.87-1.24) μmol / L, significantly higher than that of ALAD1-1 genotype workers (0.72-0.83) μmol / L (F = 8.14, P <0.05). Compared with low blood lead group (PbB <0.97μmol / L), thyroid hormones showed a slight increase in FT4 levels in workers with high blood lead (PbB ≥0.97μmol / L), T3, FT3, T4 and TSH High blood lead group workers below the low blood lead group workers. The level of T3, FT3 and TSH decreased significantly in ALAD1-2 genotype workers and ALAD1-1 genotype workers, but there was no significant or slight increase in T4 and FT4 levels. Low blood lead group and high blood lead group were all lower ALT1-2 genotype T3, FT3 and TSH than ALAD1-1 genotype workers, while T4 and FT4 average level is slightly or slightly higher. [Conclusion] ALAD2 allele can increase the level of blood lead in workers and increase the body lead load. Under the same lead load, ALAD2 allele tends to aggravate the influence of lead on the thyroid function of workers. However, it is necessary to expand the sample size for validation.