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一粒仅有0.003克重的大白菜种子,经过90多天的生长可形成一株5公斤左右的大白菜,如果没有充足的肥料供应是不可能的。那么,一株白菜究竟需要多少肥料?在它生长的不同阶段中吸肥有什么特点?怎样才能做到科学施肥并获得较高的经济效益是我们研究的方向。大白菜的需肥情况大白菜在生长过程中,要吸收大量的氮、磷、钾及一些微量元素。大白菜以叶片为产品器官,对氮的要求最为敏感。氮素供应得充足可以增加叶绿素含量,提高光合作用能力,叶片深绿肥厚,有利于外叶的扩大和叶球的充实,对提高白菜的产量和结球质量有明显的影响。氮素缺乏时,叶片由外向内逐渐发黄、干枯;氮素过量时,叶大而薄,结球不紧,风味品质、抗病性和耐藏性都有降低的倾向。磷能促进细胞的分裂和叶原基的分化,加快叶球形成,促进根系发育。
A Chinese cabbage seed of only 0.003g is able to form a Chinese cabbage of about 5kg after more than 90 days of growth. Without sufficient fertilizer supply, it is impossible. So, how much a cabbage really need fertilizer? What are the characteristics of the absorption of fertilizer in different stages of its growth? How to do scientific fertilization and obtain higher economic efficiency is our research direction. Chinese cabbage needs fertilizer Chinese cabbage in the growth process, to absorb a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and some trace elements. Chinese cabbage leaves as the product of organs, the most sensitive to the requirements of nitrogen. Adequate supply of nitrogen can increase the content of chlorophyll, improve photosynthesis ability, leaf dark green hypertrophy, is conducive to the expansion of the outer leaves and leaf enrichment, to improve the yield and ball quality of cabbage have a significant impact. When nitrogen deficiency, the leaves gradually yellow from the outside to the inside, dry; nitrogen excess, large and thin leaves, the ball is not tight, the flavor quality, disease resistance and storage resistance tends to decrease. Phosphorus can promote cell division and leaf primordium differentiation, accelerate the formation of leaf spheres and promote root development.