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按照近代概念,动脉粥样硬化的原发损害是内膜受损,使内膜正常的屏障功能破坏。血浆的携带胆固醇的脂蛋白透入动脉内膜。中层的平滑肌细胞可能对生长因子反应而增殖,后者由血小板凝集于受损区时释出。增殖的平滑肌细胞然后侵入内膜。摄取、降解及排泄异物。然而,由于胆固醇溶解度太低,只能被平滑肌细胞以较慢的速率清除,它逐渐堆积超来导致粥样斑块不停地扩大。
According to modern concepts, the primary lesion of atherosclerosis is intimal damage, which impairs the normal barrier function of the intima. Plasma cholesterol-carrying lipoproteins penetrate the intima of the arteries. The middle layer of smooth muscle cells may proliferate in response to growth factors, which are released when platelets aggregate in the damaged area. Proliferating smooth muscle cells then invade the intima. Ingestion, degradation and excretion of foreign body. However, cholesterol is too low to be cleared only by smooth muscle cells at a slower rate, and as it gradually accumulates it causes the atherosclerotic plaques to expand.