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苗族是大理白族自治州13个世居民族之一,据2000年第五次全国人口普查统计,大理州苗族人口有10 967人,主要居住于永平、云龙、巍山、南涧、鹤庆、漾濞、祥云、宾川8县,23个乡,36个村民委员会的近百个自然村内。苗族迁入大理的时间较晚。据苗族老人口述,苗族最初于清康熙以后从贵州、四川经楚雄、沿哀牢山脉到达大理州各地,至今有12代。就文献记载看,清宣统的《蒙化志稿·人类志》载:“苗人亦古三苗之裔,蒙化现有二种,一花苗、一白苗,皆以其服之色名之,在阿克塘江边一带及公郎之白石岩、白马箐、土莫塘、母底罗、箐头,共五十余户”。“中华民国”时期江逢僧纂《永平县志稿》记有:“永平苗族,初非土著,相传,有明中叶,始自外迁来龙街镇,龙马乡,博南镇一带。”大理州苗族虽历经长期、频繁、远程迁徙,且进入大理州的时间较晚,但仍保留着较为完整的民族习俗。笔者曾深入州内很多苗族村寨实地调查,访问若干
According to the statistics of the fifth national census in 2000, there were 10 967 Miao people living in Dali Prefecture, mainly living in Yongping, Yunlong, Weishan, Nanjian and Heqing, Yangbi, Xiangyun, Binchuan 8 counties, 23 townships, 36 village committees in nearly 100 villages. Miao moved into Dali later. According to the Miao elderly, the Miao people first arrived in Dali Prefecture along the Ailao Mountains from Guizhou and Sichuan through Chuxiong after the Qing emperor Kangxi, so far 12 generations have passed. As far as the records of the literature are concerned, Qing Mengxuan’s “Menghua Zhizhi · Human Records” contains: “The Miao people are also the ancient seedlings of three seedlings. There are two kinds of seedlings in Mianhua, one flower seedling, one white seedling, The name of the Ake Tang River in the area and the public Lang Baishi rock, white horse 箐, soil Mo Tong, mother Luo, 箐 head, a total of more than 50 households. ”Republic of China “ Period Jiang Feng monk compiling ”Yongping County Zhi draft“ recorded: ”Yongping Miao, early non-indigenous, according to legend, the middle of the Ming Dynasty, began to move out to Longjie Town, Longma Township, Bonan town area. "Although the Dali Miao experienced long-term, frequent, long-distance migration, and entered the Dali Prefecture later, but still retains a more complete national customs. I have in-depth investigation of many Miao villages in the state, interviewed a number of