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森林生态系统的碳收支及其对环境因子的响应规律一直是生态系统生态学研究的重要内容,而碳收支的年际变异规律反映了生态系统的稳定性特征。基于长白山温带针阔混交林、千烟洲亚热带人工针叶林和鼎湖山亚热带常绿阔叶林2003~2008年的通量观测数据,对比分析了3个生态系统碳通量的季节动态、季节动态的年际变异及温度对上述二者的影响规律。结果表明,长白山的总生态系统生产力(GEP)和生态系统呼吸(RE)都呈现单峰曲线的季节动态模式,最高时8天GEP总和可达85g C/m~2,8天总RE能达到66g C/m~2,二者均高于千烟洲和鼎湖山,而千烟洲和鼎湖山的GEP和RE在不同的时间起伏较大;净生态系统碳交换量(NEE)的季节动态模式3个生态系统各不相同。在碳通量的3个分量中,GEP和RE的季节动态的相对年际变异较小,而NEE的相对年际变异较大,表明GEP和RE在年际之间更稳定。3个生态系统的GEP和RE与温度之间均存在显著的指数相关关系,但NEE与温度之间的相关性较弱。在温度较高的时段,通常GEP,RE和NEE的绝对年际变异也较高,相对年际变异较低,整个生态系统表现为更加稳定;但GEP和RE的年际变异与温度的年际变异之间相关性较弱,说明除温度外,还有其他环境因子的年际变异对GEP和RE的年际变异产生重要影响。
The carbon budget of forest ecosystem and its response to environmental factors have always been the important contents of ecosystem ecology research. The law of interannual variation of carbon budget reflects the stability characteristics of ecosystem. Based on the observed fluxes of temperate coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests in Changbai Mountain, sub-tropical artificial coniferous forests in Qianyanzhou and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests in Dinghushan from 2003 to 2008, the seasonal dynamics of carbon flux in three ecosystems, Dynamic interannual variation and the influence of temperature on the above two. The results showed that the total ecosystem productivity (GEP) and ecosystem respiration (RE) of Changbai Mountain all exhibited a seasonal dynamic model of unimodal curve, with the maximum GEP of 85 days at 8 days and the total RE of 8 days reaching 8 days 66g C / m ~ 2, both of which were higher than that of Qianyanzhou and Dinghushan, while the GEP and RE of Qianyanzhou and Dinghushan fluctuated greatly at different times. The seasonal dynamic of net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE) Model 3 ecosystems vary. Among the three components of carbon fluxes, the relative interannual variability of seasonal dynamics of GEP and RE is small, whereas the relative interannual variability of NEE is larger, indicating that GEP and RE are more stable from year to year. There was a significant exponential relationship between temperature and GEP and RE in the three ecosystems, but the correlation between NEE and temperature was weak. At higher temperatures, the absolute interannual variability of GEP, RE and NEE is generally higher, and the relative interannual variability is lower, and the whole ecosystem appears to be more stable. However, the interannual variability of GEP and RE is closely related to the annual The correlation between variation is weak, which shows that in addition to temperature, interannual variations of other environmental factors have an important influence on the interannual variation of GEP and RE.