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西安浐河东岸梁家街、阎家滩、官厅、南牛寺等地,自1963年以来,因浐河化工厂不合理排放含硼废物而污染浅层地下水、土壤和农作物。污染面积由最初的几十亩发展到现在的7000余亩,使蔬菜和粮食生产遭受严重损害,对人畜健康也有不良影响。 硼并非剧毒物质,也不属于国家《工业“三废”排放试行标准》中一、二类有毒物质。在缺硼土壤中,施用硼肥对农作物有一定增产作用,国内外已有不少研究。但是环境中过量的含硼物质对生态系统的影响,国外研究不多,国内在这方面的研究工作目前尚未见报导。
Liangjiajie, Yanjiatan, Guanting, Nanniu Temple and other places on the east bank of Xihe River have been polluting shallow groundwater, soil and crops since 1963 due to unreasonable emissions of boron-containing waste from Bahe Chemical Plant. The area of pollution has grown from the initial tens of mu to more than 7,000 mu nowadays, causing serious damage to vegetable and grain production and adversely affecting human and livestock health. Boron is not a highly toxic substance and it is not a toxic substance of the first or second category in the “Standard for Emission of Emissions from Wastes” of the State’s “Three Wastes of Industry”. In boron-deficient soils, the use of boron fertilizers has a certain yield-increasing effect on crops, and many researches have been done at home and abroad. However, the impact of excessive boron-bearing substances in the environment on the ecosystem is not much studied in foreign countries. So far, no research on this topic has been reported in China.