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【目的】本研究通过构建大鼠高脂结构模型来探究一株植物乳杆菌Lp3的益生作用。【方法】植物乳杆菌Lp3筛选自青藏高原地区传统发酵的牦牛酸奶,初步认定Lp3是一株具有良好耐受力的降胆固醇菌株,且体外益生特性突出,本研究通过建立高脂SD大鼠模型,在饲喂试验动物高脂饲料的同时灌胃植物乳杆菌Lp3,来确定该菌株对试验动物血脂的影响效果,并同时研究其对大鼠肠道菌群、粪便水分、粪便中胆固醇和胆汁酸含量的影响,以及对肝脏组织中的胆固醇(TC)和甘油三酯(TG)的影响。【结果】结果表明,植物乳杆菌Lp3对大鼠没有任何明显的毒副作用,对高脂模型大鼠具有良好的降血脂效果。饲喂高脂饲料并灌喂乳酸菌Lp3组大鼠(HL)的血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量较饲喂高脂饲料组(HC)显著减少(P<0.05),但是高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的含量变化并不明显。HC组大鼠与HL组及饲喂普通日粮组(对照组)大鼠相比较,HC组大鼠粪便中大肠杆菌数量明显增加,双歧杆菌、乳杆菌数量明显减少。但是灌胃乳酸菌的HL组大鼠的粪便中乳杆菌数略高于对照组,大肠杆菌和双歧杆菌数量和对照组大鼠的基本一致。表明植物乳杆菌Lp3具有维持肠道菌群平衡的作用。此外灌胃乳酸菌后HL组大鼠粪便含水量比HC组要高6.44%。HC组大鼠肝脏组织中胆固醇和甘油三酯要显著高于HL组(P<0.05),说明Lp3可以减少脂类物质在肝脏组织中的沉积。从肝脏组织切片来看,也可以得出上述结论。【结论】结果表明本研究所筛选的植物乳杆菌Lp3对高脂大鼠具有值得深入研究的益生作用。
【Objective】 In this study, the probiotic effect of Lp3 was studied by constructing rat model of hyperlipidemia. 【Method】 Lp3 of Lactobacillus plantarum was screened from yak yoghurt, which was traditionally fermented in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Lp3 was identified as a hypocholesterolemic strain with good tolerance and its in vitro probiotics were outstanding. In this study, Lactobacillus plantarum Lp3 was fed into the experimental animals while the high fat diet was fed to determine the effect of the strain on the blood lipid of the experimental animals and to study the effects on the intestinal flora, stool water, feces cholesterol and bile Acid content, and effects on cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in the liver tissue. 【Result】 The results showed that L. plantarum Lp3 had no obvious toxic and side effects on rats and had a good hypolipidemic effect on rats with hyperlipidemia. Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in Lp3 group fed with high fat diet and fed on Lp3 group were significantly lower than those in high fat diet group (P <0.05), but High-density lipoprotein cholesterol content changes are not obvious. HC group rats and HL group and fed the normal diet group (control group) compared to HC group stool faecal E. coli increased significantly, the number of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus was significantly reduced. However, the number of Lactobacillus in the feces of HL group fed with lactic acid bacteria was slightly higher than that of the control group. The numbers of Escherichia coli and Bifidobacterium were basically the same as those in the control group. This indicates that L. plantarum Lp3 has the effect of maintaining the balance of intestinal flora. In addition, the stool water content in HL group was 6.44% higher than that in HC group after intragastric administration of lactic acid bacteria. Cholesterol and triglycerides in liver of HC group were significantly higher than those in HL group (P <0.05), which indicated that Lp3 could reduce the deposition of lipid in liver tissue. The liver tissue from the point of view, can also come to the conclusion. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that Lp3 of Lactobacillus plantarum screened in this study has a probable beneficial effect on hyperlipidemic rats.