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压力型锚杆的应变分布情况反映锚杆损伤破坏位置,利用3次实验室小比例尺模型进行拉拔试验,可以对锚杆的应变分布等进行研究,取得合理的结果。(1)对各级拉拔荷载作用下的锚杆顶部位移进行记录分析,得到了拉力顶部位移与拉力关系图,其曲线的形态说明拉力达到一定程度将引起位移的迅速增加;(2)对锚杆各部位直径增加量做了分析,发现在离承压板锚杆一定位置处直径增加量最大;(3)对锚杆的轴向应变、径向应变的数值和分布情况进行了对比,发现轴向应变是锚杆应变的主要形式,但轴向应变、径向应变分布规律基本一致,都随远离承压位置呈负指数衰减。因此,在提高锚杆的锚固效果方面,减小锚杆承压板附近的形变是一个有效的途径。
The strain distribution of the pressure-type anchor rod reflects the position of the damage damage of the anchor rod. The pull-out test is conducted by using three laboratory small scale models to study the strain distribution of the anchor rod and obtain reasonable results. (1) The displacement of top of anchor under the pulling load at all levels is recorded and analyzed, and the relationship between displacement and tension at the top of the tension is obtained. The shape of the curve shows that the pulling force reaches a certain degree and will cause the displacement to increase rapidly. (2) The analysis of the increase of the diameter of each part of the anchor rod shows that the increase of the diameter is the largest at a certain position away from the anchor plate of the anchor plate. (3) The numerical and distribution of the axial strain and radial strain of the anchor rod are compared, It is found that the axial strain is the main form of anchor strain, but the distribution of axial strain and radial strain are basically the same. Both of them are negative exponential decay away from the pressure bearing position. Therefore, it is an effective way to reduce the deformation in the vicinity of the anchor plate to improve the anchor effect.