米拉日巴是藏传佛教噶举派的上师,著名的苦行大师。现存的米拉日巴造像中,多以诗歌吟诵传道的苦修造像形象呈现,反映了其独特的传道方式和苦修行为。本文结合史料文献和首都博物馆馆藏造像特征,追溯其贯穿一生的苦修历程,探究其苦修的社会文化根源,思考苦修文化的历史变迁,进而证悟苦修精神。 Milarepa is a master of the Kagyu School of Tibetan Buddhism and famous master of asceticism. Among the existing images of the Milarepa, many of the images of the carved statues with verses reciting their preaching are reflected in their unique modes of preaching and penance. Based on the historical documents and the statues of the capitals of the Capital Museum, this essay traces its history of penance throughout its life, explores the social and cultural roots of its penance, ponders over the historical changes of penance culture, and then confirms the penitentiary spirit.