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目的探讨影响男性不育的因素,为长沙地区男性不育症的病因研究、预防干预和生殖健康服务提供依据。方法对长沙地区育龄夫妇进行问卷调查,分析男性不育症的患病情况及影响因素。调查的内容包括:基本情况(年龄、文化程度、职业等)、生育史、生活习惯(烟酒史、吸毒史、不良性生活史等)、发病史及目前是否存在其他疾病。问卷由经过培训的专业医务人员负责发放及收取,对于较多逻辑错误及漏项较多的问卷剔除除外。结果不同年龄、居住地、职业、工作性质、月收入人群不育症发病率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。在生活习惯、油炸食品、运动习惯、生活工作压力、经济压力和备孕准备方面不育症发病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。进行体检和孕前检查、是否进行精液检查和是否患生育相关疾病的不育症发病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);除性生活障碍外,其他各种疾病间不育症发病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),在与生育相关疾病的各组别差异的统计学意义显著(P<0.01)。多因素分析显示年龄、月收入、生活习惯、油炸食品、运动习惯、工作经济压力、是否备孕以及是否精液检查对不育症有显著影响。结论应重视男性生殖健康,加强生育人群的健康管理,针对长沙地区男性不育的影响因素,普及生育健康防治知识,从而降低长沙地区不育症的发病率。
Objective To explore the factors that affect male infertility and provide basis for etiological research, preventive intervention and reproductive health services for male infertility in Changsha area. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on couples of childbearing age in Changsha to analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of male infertility. The survey includes: basic information (age, educational level, occupation, etc.), fertility history, lifestyle (smoking and drinking history, drug abuse history, adverse life history, etc.), the history of the disease and the current existence of other diseases. Questionnaires were issued and collected by trained professional medical staff, except for those with more logical errors and more missed entries. Results There were significant differences in the incidence of infertility among different age, place of residence, occupation, working nature and monthly income (all P <0.01). The incidence of infertility in living habits, fried foods, exercise habits, life and work stress, financial stress and preparation for pregnancy were significantly different (all P <0.01). There were significant differences in the incidences of physical examination and pre-pregnancy examination, semen examination and infertility-related diseases (P <0.01). In addition to sexual dysfunction, the incidence of infertility in various other diseases The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). There was significant difference (P <0.01) between the groups with fertility-related diseases. Multivariate analysis showed age, monthly income, lifestyle habits, fried foods, exercise habits, work stress, pregnancy preparation, and whether or not the semen test had a significant effect on infertility. Conclusion Male reproductive health should be emphasized and the health management of reproductive population should be strengthened. According to the influencing factors of male infertility in Changsha area, popularization of reproductive health knowledge should be popularized so as to reduce the incidence of infertility in Changsha area.