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土壤有机养分源中的氮释放受许多因子的影响,如土壤温度和水分、有机物质的化学组成。在某种程度上,控制有机物质的化学组成可以增加氮释放和植物需求的同步性,而气候因子是不能控制的,因此在计划管理措施时要考虑这些因素。本文通过调节新鲜或预处理过的植物材料和牲畜粪肥的化学组成、施用时间以及有意分配,来探讨影响氮释放的不同途径。最后阐述提高氮利用率需要实施的农场外的(off-farm)的选择,尤其是对氮过剩的农业体系。
Nitrogen release from soil organic nutrients is affected by many factors, such as soil temperature and moisture, and the chemical composition of organic matter. To some extent, controlling the chemical composition of organic matter can increase the synchronization between nitrogen release and plant demand, and climate factors can not be controlled, so these factors should be considered in planning management measures. This article explores different ways of affecting nitrogen release by adjusting the chemical composition, application time, and intentional distribution of fresh or pretreated plant material and livestock manure. Finally, we discuss the off-farm options that need to be implemented to improve nitrogen utilization, especially for agricultural systems that have excess nitrogen.