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重大地质灾害破坏性大,造成的损失严重,引发环境条件的重大改变,从而使传染病流行暴发的风险增加。该文回顾了近50年来重大地质灾害后发生的主要传染病疫情状况,简要综述了重大地质灾害产生的影响传染病流行的因素,包括灾区饮用水供给、人口迁移、媒介动物、电力或燃料供给、食物供给、受灾地区人群的基本营养状况和疫苗接种情况等。针对这些影响因素实施有效的预防措施,才能预防灾后传染病的流行暴发。
Major geological disasters have been devastating and have caused serious losses, causing major changes in environmental conditions, thus increasing the risk of epidemic outbreaks of infectious diseases. This paper reviews the epidemic situation of major infectious diseases that occurred after major geological disasters in the recent 50 years and briefly reviews the factors influencing the epidemic of major infectious diseases, including drinking water supply, population migration, media animals, electric power or fuel supply in disaster areas , Food supply, basic nutritional status of populations in affected areas and vaccination status. Effective preventive measures against these influencing factors can prevent a pandemic outbreak of a communicable disease after a disaster.