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在开放式臭氧浓度升高(ozone-free air controlled enrichment,O3-FACE)平台上,观测了高浓度臭氧(正常大气臭氧浓度的基础上增加50%)对2个冬小麦(TritciumaestivumL.)品种(烟农19和扬麦16)在灌浆期内功能叶片光合损伤的情况.观测显示,整个灌浆期内2个小麦品种有关参数响应的趋势表现一致:净光合速率(Pn)逐渐下降,在臭氧处理35d时,烟农19和扬麦16降幅分别达到56.21%和21.82%.②荧光动力学参数Fv/Fm(最大光化学量子产量)、qp(光化学淬灭系数)、Φexc(PSⅡ有效光化学量子产量)、ΦPSⅡ(PSⅡ实际光化学量子产量)呈下降趋势,NPQ(非光化学淬灭系数)逐渐上升;在能量分配方面,吸收的光能在PSⅡ天线色素的耗散部分(%D)升高、用于PSⅡ光化学反应的部分(%P)降低,而不属于前两者的其它消耗部分(%X)变化不明显.在臭氧处理35d时,烟农19和扬麦16的ΦPSⅡ分别下降24.42%和9.97%.③光合色素参数Chla/Chlb(叶绿素a/叶绿素b)比值上升,而Chlt/Car(叶绿素/叶黄素)的比值下降.④叶绿体内依赖Mg2+、Ca2+的ATPase(ATP酶)活性和ATP含量均增加.上述参数随臭氧处理时间延长,变化幅度和品种间的差异趋于显著,当臭氧处理35d时,变幅最大,且烟农19变幅显著大于扬麦16.结果表明,在臭氧浓度升高环境下,作物通过增加热耗散、改变色素含量和结构、提高ATPase活性等进行防御和损伤修复.随着处理时间的增加,臭氧对冬小麦的光合损伤具有累积效应,且2个品种表现出较大的差异性.
On the ozone-free air controlled enrichment (O3-FACE) platform, two high-concentration ozone (50% increase in normal atmospheric ozone concentration) were observed on two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) 19 and Yangmai 16) during the grain filling stage.The observation showed that the trend of the response of the two wheat cultivars showed the same trend in the whole filling period: the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) decreased gradually, , Tobacco farmers 19 and Yangmai 16 decreased 56.21% and 21.82%, respectively.②Fluorescence kinetics parameters Fv / Fm (maximum photochemical quantum yield), qp (photochemical quenching coefficient), Φexc (PSⅡ effective photochemical quantum yield), ΦPSⅡ ( The actual photochemical quantum yield of PS Ⅱ decreased and the NPQ (non-photochemical quenching coefficient) gradually increased. In terms of energy allocation, the absorbed light energy increased in the dissipative part (% D) of the PS Ⅱ antenna pigment for the PSⅡ photochemical reaction (% P) decreased, but the other depleted fractions (% X), which did not belong to the former two, did not change obviously.The ΦPSⅡ decreased by 24.42% and 9.97% respectively in Yannong 19 and Yangmai 16 after 35 days of ozone treatment.③ Photosynthesis Color parameters Chla / Chlb (leaf The ratio of Chlt / Car (chlorophyll / lutein) decreased. (4) The activities of chlorophyll and Ca2 + dependent ATPase (ATPase) and ATP in chloroplast increased with the increase of ozone treatment time When the ozone treatment for 35d, the amplitude was the largest, and the amplitude of Yannong 19 was significantly larger than that of Yangmai 16. The results showed that under the condition of increasing ozone concentration, the increase of heat consumption Scattered, changing pigment content and structure, increasing ATPase activity, etc. With the increase of treatment time, ozone had a cumulative effect on the photosynthetic damage of winter wheat, and the two varieties showed great differences.