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为了探究复合材料波纹梁的吸能性能,针对铺层形式分别为[(±45)3/(0,90)/(±45)3]、[(±45)8]和[(±45)7]的3种复合材料波纹梁元件,进行了动态冲击试验,得到了吸能载荷-位移曲线,并对其损伤破坏形貌进行了分析。以连续损伤力学为基础,结合改进的Hashin损伤判定准则以及损伤演化规律,提出了针对波纹梁耐撞性损伤分析的刚度退化模型,并基于有限元软件平台开发了适用于波纹梁渐进损伤分析的子程序。对3种不同结构形式的波纹梁进行了渐进失效数值分析,模拟得到了能量评估参数比吸能(SEA)和平均载荷值,并将模拟结果与试验结果进行了对比分析。比较分析了不同薄弱环节复合材料波纹梁的吸能能力。结果表明:波纹梁在冲击载荷作用下发生了渐进压溃失效;平均压溃载荷的相对误差不超过12%,能够满足工程应用要求;薄弱环节的设置需综合考虑复合材料性能和铺层方式等因素。
In order to investigate the energy absorption properties of composite corrugated beams, [(± 45) 3 / (0,90) / (± 45) 3], [± 45] 8 and [± 45] 7] three kinds of composite corrugated beam elements, the dynamic impact test was carried out, the energy absorption load - displacement curve was obtained, and its damage morphology was analyzed. Based on the continuous damage mechanics, combined with the improved criterion of Hashin damage determination and damage evolution, a stiffness degradation model for the crashworthiness analysis of corrugated beam is proposed. Based on the finite element software platform, a progressive damage analysis method is developed for the corrugated beam. Subroutine The asymptotic failure analysis of three kinds of corrugated beams with different structures was carried out. The SEA and average load of the energy evaluation parameters were simulated. The simulation results and the experimental results were compared and analyzed. The energy absorption capacity of composite corrugated beams with different weaknesses is compared and analyzed. The results show that the progressive failure of the corrugated beam under the impact load occurs. The relative error of the average crushing load does not exceed 12%, which can meet the engineering application requirements. The setting of the weakness must consider the properties of the composite material and the ply method factor.