严复是近代对国民素质及其教育始终予以最深切关注的启蒙思想家。严复首次提出了国民“劣根性”问题。本文从表现形式、改造方法等方面对严复关于国民“劣根性”的批判与改造思想进行了初步探讨。文章认为,严复站在中西对比的高度对国民“劣根性”表现的分析,主张通过发展教育改造整个国民性,塑造优秀的种族来挽救中国,对今天仍具有现实意义。 Yan Fu is an Enlightenment thinkers in modern times who always paid the most attention to the quality of the people and their education. For the first time, Yen Fu put forward the question of “inferiority” of the people. This article discusses the critique and remoulding thought of Yan Fu on nationality “inferiority ” from aspects of manifestations and transformation methods. The article holds the view that Yan Fu’s analysis of the performance of the “inferiority” of the Chinese people at the height of comparison between China and the West advocates that it is of practical significance to today to save China through the development of education to transform the entire national character and create an excellent race.