中华人民共和国开国伊始,即建立了主管全国科学事业的中国科学院。吴有训被任命为该院近代物理研究所首任所长。副所长是他的学生钱三强。当时,科学界对这项任命普遍感到意外。因为大家都认为按照资格和学术地位,吴有训理应出任科学院副院长,当时已就任副院长的竺可桢先生就曾公开表示这一意见,而却让他当了个研究所长, At the beginning of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which is in charge of the cause of science throughout the country, was established. Wu Youxun was appointed first director of the Institute of Modern Physics. Deputy director is his student Qian Sanqiang. At the time, the scientific community was generally surprised by the appointment. Because we all think that in accordance with the qualifications and academic status, Wu Yuxun should serve as vice president of the Academy of Sciences, Zhu Kezhen was appointed as vice president had publicly expressed this opinion, but made him a research director,