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目的探讨新疆老年透析患者进行血液透析(血透)和腹膜透析(腹透)的生存质量及其影响因素,为指导老年终末期肾病患者合理选择透析方式提供依据。方法选择新疆7家医院透析中心175例老年终末期肾病患者,其中血透患者135例,腹透患者40例,使用SF-36生存质量量表和自制人口学资料问卷进行现场问卷调查,评估分析血透和腹透患者的生存质量及影响因素。结果 (1)老年血透患者SF-36总体评分为(47.57±22.46)分,老年腹透患者SF-36总体评分为(56.13±21.38)分,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)老年血透患者躯体疼痛评分男性高于女性。老年腹透患者生存质量总分、各维度评分无性别差异,汉族、少数民族透析患者SF-36总分、各维度评分无差异;老年糖尿病肾病患者SF-36总分、多维度评分低于老年非糖尿病肾病患者(P<0.05)。(3)影响新疆老年透析患者SF-36得分的因素为透析方式、文化程度、原发病。结论 (1)老年非糖尿病终末期肾病患者透析早期应优先考虑腹透。(2)透析方式、文化程度、原发病为影响血透患者生存质量的因素,提高血透患者生存质量是多方面、多因素问题,需医疗、政府、社会保障等各部门共同努力。
Objective To explore the quality of life of hemodialysis (hemodialysis) and peritoneal dialysis (dialysis) in elderly dialysis patients in Xinjiang and its influencing factors, and to provide evidence for rational dialysis selection in elderly patients with end-stage renal disease. Methods 175 elderly patients with end-stage renal disease were selected from dialysis centers of 7 hospitals in Xinjiang, including 135 cases of hemodialysis patients and 40 cases of peritoneal dialysis. Field questionnaires were conducted using SF-36 quality of life questionnaire and self-made demographic data questionnaire, Quality of life and influential factors in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients. Results The overall score of SF-36 in elderly patients with hemodialysis was (47.57 ± 22.46) points, and the overall score of SF-36 in elderly patients with peritoneal dialysis was (56.13 ± 21.38) points, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05) . (2) Somatic hematoma scores in elderly hemodialysis patients were higher than those in females. The total quality of life of elderly patients with peritoneal dialysis, scores of each dimension no gender differences, Han nationality, ethnic minority dialysis patients SF-36 score, no difference in each dimension score; elderly diabetic nephropathy SF-36 score, multidimensional score was lower than the elderly Patients with non-diabetic nephropathy (P <0.05). (3) The factors influencing the SF-36 scores of elderly dialysis patients in Xinjiang are dialysis method, education level and primary disease. Conclusion (1) Peritoneal dialysis should be prioritized in the elderly patients with non-diabetic end stage renal disease at the early stage of dialysis. (2) The dialysis method, educational level and primary disease are the factors that affect the quality of life of patients with hemodialysis. To improve the quality of life of hemodialysis patients is a multifaceted and multifactorial problem, and requires the joint efforts of various departments such as medical treatment, government and social security.