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美国哈佛公共卫生学院为了评定颗粒物质和硫氧化物对呼吸系统的健康影响,开展一项前瞻性流行病学调查(据另一文献,该工作始于1974年,计划为期十年——译注)。头五年中已调查25～74岁成人9,000名,一至六年级小学生11,000名。成人每三年调查一次,儿童每年调查一次。健康影响调查采用肺量计描记,测定最大肺活量(FVC)和一秒钟最大呼气量(FEV_1),并通过调查表对成人了解呼吸道疾病症状、吸烟习惯、职业史和居住史,对儿童了解家庭组成、居住条件、烹调炉灶、采暖和
To assess the health effects of particulate matter and sulfur oxides on the respiratory system, the Harvard School of Public Health in the United States conducted a prospective epidemiological investigation (according to another paper, which began in 1974 with a ten-year plan) . In the first five years, 9,000 adults aged 25-74 years and 11,000 primary-sixth grade pupils have been investigated. Adults are surveyed every three years and children are surveyed annually. The Health Impact Survey used spirometry to measure the maximum vital capacity (FVC) and maximum expiratory volume for one second (FEV_1) and to provide adults with an understanding of respiratory symptoms, smoking habits, occupational history and residency through a questionnaire, children’s understanding Family composition, living conditions, cooking stoves, heating and cooling