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目的探讨学龄期儿童接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗的预防接种异常反应(AEFI)情况。方法收集2009年11月-2010年1月复旦大学附属儿科医院的160份甲型H1N1流感疫苗疑似AEFI患儿临床资料。对患儿性别、年龄分布、累及的器官(系统)及临床表现进行描述性分析。结果甲型H1N1流感疫苗AEFI的学龄期儿童160例。男77例,女83例;按年龄分组,小学组144例,初中组14例,高中组2例。其中变应性反应4例,注射部位局部红肿4例,发热155例,呼吸系统症状115例,消化系统症状22例,神经系统症状79例。注射疫苗24 h内发生AEFI 106例,>24~48 h 36例,>48~72 h 15例,>72 h 3例。病程<3 d 122例,≥3~7 d 28例,>7~14 d 10例。一般反应31例,异常反应4例,疫苗质量事故0例,实施差错事故0例,偶合症125例(主要以呼吸道感染多见),心因性反应0例。结论甲型H1N1流感疫苗AEFI在幼年儿童多见。AEFI多发生在接种24 h内,为轻至中度,以呼吸道症状为主,大多数3 d内完全缓解,偶合症多以急性呼吸道感染为主,预后良好,接种安全。
Objective To investigate the vaccination abnormal response (AEFI) in school-age children vaccinated with influenza A (H1N1). Methods The clinical data of 160 children with suspected AEFI of Influenza A (H1N1) vaccine collected from November 2009 to January 2010 in Pediatric Hospital of Fudan University were collected. A descriptive analysis of the sex, age distribution, affected organs (systems), and clinical manifestations of children. Results 160 cases of school-age children with influenza A (H1N1) vaccine AEFI. There were 77 males and 83 females. According to age, 144 were in primary school, 14 in middle school and 2 in high school. There were 4 cases of allergic reaction, 4 cases of local inflamed injection, 155 cases of fever, 115 cases of respiratory symptoms, 22 cases of digestive system symptoms and 79 cases of nervous system symptoms. There were 106 cases of AEFI within 24 h after vaccination, 36 cases> 24-48 h, 15 cases> 48-72 h and 3 cases> 72 h. The course of disease was less than 3 days in 122 cases, more than 3-7 days in 28 cases and> 7 to 14 days in 10 cases. There were 31 cases of general reaction, 4 cases of abnormal reaction, 0 case of vaccine quality accident, 0 case of accidental error, 125 cases of complicating disease (mostly respiratory tract infection) and 0 case of psychogenic reaction. Conclusion Influenza A H1N1 influenza vaccine AEFI more common in young children. AEFI occurred in 24 hours after inoculation, mild to moderate respiratory symptoms, most of the 3 d completely relieved, the majority of complications of acute respiratory infections, the prognosis is good, safe vaccination.