一、引言大豆是中国的特产作物。它既是重要商品作物,同时又久已成为东北地区民食及油料主要来源。东北大豆的品质和产量,过去是闻名世界的,但为适应国家提出增产的要求,还必须通过育出新品种,研究栽培技术,改进环境因子来提高品质和产量。在东北各省大豆种植区域内,产量所以受到限制,就环境因子而言,水分及温度占很重要的地位。根据各地产量调查,土壤干旱往往造成减产(这在不同地区,不同年度里经常出现)。因此对大豆耐旱性的分析,特别是各生育期中需水量的研究,便有其重要的意义。由于农民长期的农业实践及前人的研究,已证明土壤供水量的变 First, the introduction of soybeans is China’s specialty crops. It is both an important commodity crop and has long been a major source of folk food and fuel in the Northeast. In the past, the quality and yield of soybean in Northeast China were well-known in the world. However, in order to meet the requirements of countries for increasing production, the quality and output of soybean must also be improved by raising new varieties, studying cultivation techniques and improving environmental factors. In the northeastern provinces of soybean cultivation, production is limited, in terms of environmental factors, water and temperature account for a very important position. According to local production surveys, soil droughts often result in a reduction in production (which is often found in different regions and years). Therefore, the analysis of drought tolerance of soybean, especially the study of water demand in each growth period, has its significance. Due to the farmers’ long-term agricultural practice and previous studies, the amount of water supplied to the soil has been shown to have changed