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目的初步探讨青年人(≤35岁)大肠癌发病的危险因素,为进一步研究提供科学依据。方法以湖南省肿瘤医院确诊的大肠癌患者为病例组,运用1:1匹配病例对照研究方法,用条件logistic回归对青年人大肠癌相关变量进行单因素和多因素分析。结果病例组、对照组男性均为88例,女性均为64例;病例组年龄为16～35岁,平均年龄为(28.62±3.56)岁,对照组年龄为17～37岁,平均年龄为(30.27±2.84)岁,2组年龄差异无统计学意义;病例按病变部位分为直肠73例,结肠79例;病理类型为腺癌86例,黏液腺癌38例,印戒细胞癌17例,未分化癌11例;多因素分析结果表明,肠息肉、直系亲属癌症史、慢性肠炎、精神刺激史、常吃动物油及动物食品为青年人大肠癌的危险因素(OR=8.752、6.370、5.249、5.016、3.458、2.967),经常锻炼、常吃蔬菜为其保护性因素(OR=0.384、0.650)。结论肠息肉、直系亲属癌症史、慢性肠炎、精神刺激史、常吃动物油及动物食品可能是中国青年人大肠癌的危险因素,而经常锻炼和常吃蔬菜可能是其保护因素。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of colorectal cancer in young people (≤35 years old), and provide a scientific basis for further research. Methods The patients with colorectal cancer confirmed by Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital were selected as the case group. One-to-one matching case-control study was used to analyze the related variables of colorectal cancer in young people by univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results In the case group and the control group, there were 88 males and 64 females. The case group was 16 to 35 years old with an average age of (28.62 ± 3.56) years and a control group of 17 to 37 years old with an average age of ( 30.27 ± 2.84) years old, there was no significant difference in age between the two groups. The cases were divided into 73 cases of rectum and 79 cases of colon according to the lesion site. The pathological types were adenocarcinoma of 86 cases, mucinous adenocarcinoma of 38 cases, signet ring cell carcinoma of 17 cases, Undifferentiated carcinoma in 11 cases; multivariate analysis showed that intestinal polyps, immediate family history of cancer, chronic enteritis, history of mental stimulation, eat animal oil and animal food for young people with colorectal cancer risk factors (OR = 8.752,6.370,5.249, 5.016,3.458,2.967), regular exercise, eat vegetables as protective factors (OR = 0.384,0.650). Conclusions Intestinal polyps, immediate family history of cancer, chronic enteritis, history of mental stimulation, eating animal oil and animal food may be the risk factors of colorectal cancer in young people in China. Regular exercise and eating vegetables may be the protective factors.