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目的:了解江苏省常州市高出生体重的发生率,探讨高出生体重的危险因素。方法:采用现况研究方法,在常州市所属的城市、乡镇及农村分别整群随机抽取1个现场,以2006年1月1日～2008年12月31日出生的婴幼儿及其父母为研究对象。调查的主要内容有婴幼儿一般状况、婴幼儿父母一般情况、孕产期健康状况等。结果:高出生体重发生率为11.6%(722/6 225),高出生体重组与正常体重组相比较,婴幼儿的死亡率明显增高(OR=3.033,P=0.016)。在调整了婴幼儿的性别、出生地区、母亲的年龄及教育水平等因素后,经多因素非条件Logistic回归分析后发现,影响高出生体重的因素有胎儿过期产、性别为男孩、母亲年龄≥29岁、新生儿出生地区为乡镇(P<0.032～0.001),其OR(95%CI)分别为:1.857(1.149～3.004)、1.889(1.564～2.282)、1.355(1.026～1.790)、1.469(1.146～1.883)。对上述4个危险因素聚集的关联性进行分析,发现随着危险因素聚集个数的增加,发生高出生体重的危险性就更大(趋势性检验P<0.001)。结论:高出生体重是引起常州地区婴幼儿死亡的重要危险因素之一,胎儿过期产、性别、母亲年龄≥29岁、新生儿出生地区为乡镇是常州地区发生高出生体重的重要、独立的危险因素。
Objective: To understand the incidence of high birth weight in Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province, and to explore the risk factors of high birth weight. Methods: According to the current research method, one field was randomly selected in the clusters of cities, townships and rural areas of Changzhou, respectively. The infants and children born from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2008 and their parents were studied . The main contents of the survey are the general situation of infants and young children, parents of infants and young children in general, maternal health status. Results: The incidence of high birth weight was 11.6% (722/6 225). Infants’ mortality was significantly higher in high birth weight group than in normal weight group (OR = 3.033, P = 0.016). After adjusting the factors such as the gender, birth area, mother’s age and educational level, the multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis found that the factors affecting the high birth weight are the fetus with obesity, the sex is the boy and the mother is ≥ 29 years old and newborns were born in villages and townships (P <0.032-0.001). The OR (95% CI) were 1.857 (1.149-3.004), 1.889 (1.564-2.282), 1.355 (1.026-1.790) and 1.469 1.146 ~ 1.883). An analysis of the association of these four risk factors revealed that as the number of risk factors increased, the risk of having a high birth weight was greater (trend test, P <0.001). Conclusions: High birth weight is one of the important risk factors for infants and young children death in Changzhou. The fetus is overdue, sex, the age of the mother is ≥29 years old, and the birth place is the township. It is an important and independent risk of high birth weight in Changzhou area factor.